Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Gansu Province, Northwest China from 2018 to 2022: a multicenter, hospitalization-based study

ObjectiveTo survey the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in all age groups living in the Gansu Province, China during 2018-2022.MethodsUsing the data from the Gansu Province Health Commission Information Center and medical records, the crude incidence and 95%CI were calculated by region, age group, and sex assuming a Poisson distribution. The incidence differences were evaluated using the chi 2 test. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the relation between latitude and incidence. The seasonality was analyzed using concentration, seasonal index and circular distribution method.Results1393 cases of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes were ascertained. The crude incidence of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 person-years in all individuals in Gansu Province was 1.09(95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.15). The estimated incidence per 100,000 person-years by age group was 1.39 (95%CI:1.24-1.54) for 0-14 years, 3.58 (95%CI:3.33-3.83) for 15-29 years, 0.33(95%CI:0.29-0.37) for >= 30 years, with a peak in age group 15-19 years. There was a difference between males and females. Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Gansu Province was strongly correlated with latitude among children aged 0-29 years, and all age groups, but such correlation was not observed in adults aged >= 30 years. The seasonality of the type 1 diabetes is not obvious.ConclusionThe incidence of type 1 diabetes was relatively lower from 2018 to 2022 in Gansu Province, with variations across different regions and a positive correlation with latitude observed in all age groups. The incidence peak was noted in the 15-19 years group, and the incidence among males was higher than in females in all age groups. There was no significant seasonal variation in the incidence of type 1 diabetes.