Hydrogen, a versatile chemical for the future: Applications and production methods

Hydrogen, the simplest and most abundant element in the universe, is poised today to play a critical role in the transition toward a clean energy future. This perspective article explores the potential of hydrogen as a clean and sustainable energy carrier. First, the historical and modern hydrogen applications across various sectors are examined. Then, the article delves into the different methods for hydrogen production. Since conventional fossil fuel-based production methods raise environmental concerns, the article explores promising alternatives for cleaner hydrogen generation, including electrolysis powered by renewable energy, biomass gasification, and photocatalytic reforming. The technical details and advantages/disadvantages of hydrogen production methods are discussed, as well as the ongoing research and development efforts to improve the existing techniques and to make them more sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective. As the world strives for a cleaner energy future, hydrogen holds immense potential to play a transformative role.