Do labour productivity, capital productivity and education influence the technical efficiency of entrepreneurial outcomes? Evidence from europe

被引:0
作者
Silva, Pedro Mendonca [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Moutinho, Victor Ferreira [4 ,5 ,6 ,8 ]
Gaspar, Pedro Miguel [7 ]
机构
[1] Aveiro Univ, Aveiro, Portugal
[2] PPORTOs Business Sch, Dept Management, ISCAP, Porto, Portugal
[3] P PORTO, CEOSPP Ctr Social & Org Studies, Porto, Portugal
[4] Univ Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
[5] Univ Beira Interior, Dept Management & Econ, Covilha, Portugal
[6] Res Ctr Business Sci NECE UBI, Econ & Finance, Covilha, Portugal
[7] Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro, CETRAD Res Ctr Transdisciplinary Dev Studies, Vila Real, Portugal
[8] Lusofona Univ, Intrepid Lab, Porto, Portugal
关键词
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA); Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA); Entrepreneurial activity; Europe; Economic drivers of entrepreneurship; An & aacute; lisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA); lisis de Frontera Estoc & aacute; stica (SFA); Actividad Emprendedora; Europa; Factores Econ & oacute; micos del Emprendimiento; C50; N30; N40; O10; O30; ECONOMIC-GROWTH; UNEMPLOYMENT; EMPLOYMENT; DETERMINANTS; QUANTITY; CREATION; QUALITY;
D O I
10.1007/s10843-024-00366-5
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
The differences in Labour and Capital Productivity and Education in Europe were used to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of technical efficiency of entrepreneurship activities and new firm creation. For this purpose, two distinct methodologies were used: a non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and a parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Firstly, to obtain the ranking for assessing entrepreneurship efficiency, two outputs (birth rate and total early-stage entrepreneurial activity) were combined, and four inputs (long-term unemployment rate, household disposable income ratio S80/S20; young people neither in employment nor in education or training and employment rate of recent graduates) were applied. In the second step, two estimators were used to examine the effect of capital productivity, labour productivity, non-qualified labour, and population share of education on the technical efficiency score of entrepreneurial outcomes. The estimators were the Tobit regression, including random effects and mixed effects models, and the quantile regression model. The results for technical efficiency in the first step reveal that during 2008-2014 and after this period, 2015-2019, the European countries of Lithuania, Estonia and the Netherlands present the highest efficiency scores according to the DEA-CRS model. Applying the SFA technique, Belgium, Germany, and Malta show the highest levels of inefficiency during both periods of financial crisis. The second stage results demonstrate that there was a negative and significant effect of capital productivity on the efficiency scores of entrepreneurial outcomes in the periods of financial crises. This statistical evidence mirrors the observed decrease in average EU investments in fixed capital, structural changes in the labour market, and structural changes in education level in the active and inactive population, particularly in countries with economic growth, during the sub-periods between 2008 and 2019 under consideration. Las diferencias en la Productividad del Trabajo y del Capital y la Educaci & oacute;n en Europa se utilizaron para proporcionar una evaluaci & oacute;n integral del rendimiento de la eficiencia t & eacute;cnica de las actividades emprendedoras y la creaci & oacute;n de nuevas empresas. Para este prop & oacute;sito, se emplearon dos metodolog & iacute;as distintas: un An & aacute;lisis Envolvente de Datos no param & eacute;trico (DEA) y un An & aacute;lisis de Frontera Estoc & aacute;stica (SFA) param & eacute;trico. En primer lugar, para obtener la clasificaci & oacute;n para evaluar la eficiencia emprendedora, se combinaron dos resultados (tasa de natalidad y Actividad Emprendedora en Etapas Tempranas) y se aplicaron cuatro insumos (tasa de desempleo de larga duraci & oacute;n, proporci & oacute;n de ingresos disponibles de los hogares S80/S20; j & oacute;venes que no trabajan ni estudian ni reciben formaci & oacute;n y tasa de empleo de los graduados recientes). En el segundo paso, se utilizaron dos estimadores para examinar el efecto de la productividad del capital, la productividad del trabajo, la mano de obra no cualificada y la proporci & oacute;n de poblaci & oacute;n con educaci & oacute;n en la puntuaci & oacute;n de eficiencia t & eacute;cnica de los resultados emprendedores. Los estimadores fueron la regresi & oacute;n Tobit, incluyendo modelos de efectos aleatorios y de efectos mixtos, y el modelo de regresi & oacute;n cuant & iacute;lica. Los resultados para la eficiencia t & eacute;cnica en el primer paso revelan que durante 2008-2014 y despu & eacute;s de este per & iacute;odo, 2015-2019, los pa & iacute;ses europeos de Lituania, Estonia y los Pa & iacute;ses Bajos presentan las mayores puntuaciones de eficiencia seg & uacute;n el modelo DEA-CRS. Aplicando la t & eacute;cnica SFA, B & eacute;lgica, Alemania y Malta muestran los mayores niveles de ineficiencia durante ambos per & iacute;odos de crisis financiera. Los resultados de la segunda etapa demuestran que hubo un efecto negativo y significativo de la productividad del capital en las puntuaciones de eficiencia de los resultados emprendedores en los per & iacute;odos de crisis financiera. Esta evidencia estad & iacute;stica refleja la disminuci & oacute;n observada en las inversiones medias de la UE en capital fijo, los cambios estructurales en el mercado laboral y los cambios estructurales en el nivel educativo de la poblaci & oacute;n activa e inactiva, particularmente en los pa & iacute;ses con crecimiento econ & oacute;mico, durante los subper & iacute;odos entre 2008-2019 bajo consideraci & oacute;n.
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