Heat transfer analysis in hydromagnetic two-phase Williamson fluid through tilted channel: Applications of gold and silver nanoparticles in solar thermal energy

The heat transfer analysis in Poiseuille hydromagnetic multiphase flow of Williamson fluid suspended by gold and silver nanoparticles is discussed through the inclined channel under the impact of no-slip boundary conditions. The present conducted research is novel as no one has explored the heat transfer analysis in the fluid-particle suspension model of electrically conducting Williamson fluid mixed with gold and silver nanoparticles through steeply inclined channel. The highly nonlinear complex partial differential equations are transformed into simplified form by using the appropriate dimensionless transformation then obtain the analytical solution by adopting the regular perturbation method. The perturbation solution is also compared with the numerical solution. The velocity and temperature profiles are significantly affected by Hartmann number. Approximately 19% (gold suspension) and 20% (silver suspension) increment is observed in fluid phase and particle velocities respectively. The multiphase flow of non-Newtonian (Williamson) fluid provides greater heat transfer to the system with the suspension of gold (10%) and silver (13%) nanoparticles as compared to multiphase Newtonian fluid with these suspensions. The heat transfer rate of multiphase flows is greater than single-phase flows. The current study will help to understand the flow and heat transfer mechanism of two-phase flows with the suspension of gold and silver nanoparticles through inclined parallel plates under the impact of the constant magnetic field. Further, the current study can help to design modern solar cell devices to store more solar energy due to the low heating release of considered nanoparticles. The present research is original and has not been conducted before.