Therapists perspectives on the Early Intervention after Rape study: a qualitative process evaluation of a randomized controlled trial

被引:0
作者
Haugen, Tina [1 ,2 ]
Halvorsen, Joar overaas [1 ,3 ]
Friborg, Oddgeir [4 ]
Schei, Berit [5 ,6 ]
Hagemann, Cecilie Therese [2 ,6 ]
Kjelsvik, Marianne [7 ]
机构
[1] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Psychol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
[2] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Clin & Mol Med, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
[3] Trondheim Reg & Univ Hosp, St Olavs Hosp, TRONDHEIM, Norway
[4] Arctic Univ Norway UiT, Dept Psychol, Tromso, Norway
[5] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Publ Hlth & Nursing, Trondheim, Norway
[6] Trondheim Reg & Univ Hosp, St Olavs Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, TRONDHEIM, Norway
[7] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Hlth Sci Aalesund, Alesund, Norway
关键词
Process evaluation; implementation; training; modified prolonged exposure; early intervention; rape; PTSD; Evaluaci & oacute; n del proceso; exposici & oacute; n prolongada modificada; intervenci & oacute; n temprana; TEPT; violaci & oacute; n; implementaci & oacute; entrenamiento; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; PROLONGED EXPOSURE THERAPY; PSYCHOLOGISTS ATTITUDES; SEXUAL ASSAULT; MENTAL-HEALTH; PTSD; DISSEMINATION; CHALLENGES; INTERVIEW; WOMEN;
D O I
10.1080/20008066.2024.2443279
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
Background: Early interventions using trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy have the potential to alleviate post-traumatic stress symptoms in individuals who have experienced recent sexual assault. Specialized Sexual Assault Centers (SACs) in Norway offers psychosocial support, however, this support varies across SACs and its efficacy has not been researched. The Early Intervention after Rape (EIR) study is a multisite randomized controlled trial designed to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of training SAC nurses and social workers to deliver a modified version of prolonged exposure therapy shortly after rape.Objective: This article aims to present a qualitative process evaluation of the implementation of the EIR study across three SACs in Norway, from the perspective of nurses and social workers.Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews with fifteen nurses and social workers, ten of whom received training in prolonged exposure therapy (mPE). We used Thematic Analysis to identify themes and subthemes.Results: Thematic analysis yielded four significant themes for process evaluation: (1) The quality of the new intervention modified prolonged exposure was considered satisfactory through training and supervision and delivered with good adherence to the manual, although some therapists perceived the manual as too rigid; (2) Adoption dynamics within the SACs are complex and include both enthusiasm for clinical research as well as resistance to change; (3) Narrow inclusion criteria and burden with participation for patients may limit reach and representativeness of the RCT; (4) Unintended consequences were identified, such as delayed start, conflicting advices and cross-contamination, underscoring the ongoing necessity for process evaluation alongside RCTs.Conclusion: This qualitative process evaluation offers insight into real-world clinical challenges with implementing a new intervention and conducting a multisite RCT within SACs in Norway. This study may inform opportunities to advance evidence-based practices for rape survivors seeking help.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05489133.. Antecedentes: Las intervenciones tempranas usando terapia cognitivo-conductual centrada en el trauma tiene el potencial de aliviar los s & iacute;ntomas de estr & eacute;s postraum & aacute;ticos de quienes han experimentado una agresi & oacute;n sexual reciente. Los Centros de Agresi & oacute;n Sexual Especializados (SACs en su sigla en ingl & eacute;s) en Noruega ofrecen apoyo psicosocial, sin embargo, este apoyo var & iacute;a a lo largo de los SACs y su eficacia no ha sido investigada. El estudio de Intervenci & oacute;n Temprana luego de una Violaci & oacute;n (EIR en su sigla en ingl & eacute;s) es un ensayo controlado aleatorizado multic & eacute;ntrico dise & ntilde;ado para evaluar la eficacia y efectividad del entrenamiento de las enfermeras y trabajadores sociales del SAC para implementar una versi & oacute;n modificada de la terapia de exposici & oacute;n prolongada poco despu & eacute;s de la violaci & oacute;n.Objetivo: Este articulo busca presentar una evaluaci & oacute;n del proceso de la implementaci & oacute;n del estudio EIR a trav & eacute;s de tres SACs en Noruega, desde la perspectiva de las enfermeras y trabajadores sociales.M & eacute;todo: Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semi-estructuradas con quince enfermeras y trabajadores sociales, diez de los cuales recibieron entrenamiento en terapia de exposici & oacute;n prolongada (mPE). Usamos an & aacute;lisis tem & aacute;tico para identificar los temas y subtemas.Resultados: El an & aacute;lisis tem & aacute;tico produjo cuatro temas significativos para la evaluaci & oacute;n de procesos: (1) La calidad de la nueva intervenci & oacute;n modificada de exposici & oacute;n prolongada se consider & oacute; satisfactoria a trav & eacute;s del entrenamiento y la supervisi & oacute;n e implementada con buena adherencia al manual, aunque algunos terapeutas percibieron el manual como muy r & iacute;gido; (2) Las din & aacute;micas de adopci & oacute;n dentro de los SACs son complejas e incluyen tanto entusiasmo por la investigaci & oacute;n cl & iacute;nica como tambi & eacute;n resistencia al cambio; (3) Los criterios de inclusi & oacute;n limitados y la carga de la participaci & oacute;n para los pacientes podr & iacute;a limitar el alcance y la representatividad del ECA; (4) Se identificaron consecuencias no deseadas, tales como demoras en el inicio, consejos contradictorios y contaminaci & oacute;n cruzada, lo que subraya la necesidad continua de la evaluaci & oacute;n de los procesos junto con los ECAs.Conclusi & oacute;n: Esta evaluaci & oacute;n del proceso ofrece perspectivas en los desaf & iacute;os cl & iacute;nicos del mundo real con la implementaci & oacute;n de una nueva intervenci & oacute;n y llevar a cabo un ECA multic & eacute;ntrico en los SACs en Noruega. Este estudio podr & iacute;a brindar informaci & oacute;n sobre las oportunidades para promover pr & aacute;cticas basadas en la evidencia para los sobrevivientes de agresi & oacute;n sexual que buscan ayuda.
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