Higher Serum Galectin-3 Levels Were Associated with More Severe Motor Performance in Parkinson's Disease

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder that lacks proven biomarkers. Case-control genome-wide association studies revealed the potential effect of galectin-3 (GAL3) on motor progression in PD patients. Based on this finding, our study aimed to explore the correlation between serum GAL3 levels and motor performance in PD patients. Methods: Five hundred PD patients and 200 healthy controls were recruited. The serum levels of GAL3 were measured in participants by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The baseline characteristics of the participants were collected, and the associated scale scores were obtained. Results: Compared with healthy controls, the serum levels of GAL3 were greatly increased in PD patients. These levels could distinguish between PD patients and healthy controls with a sensitivity of 0.798 and a specificity of 0.815 (AUC = 0.795, 95% CI 0.757-0.834, P < 0.001). Patients with age >60 years tended to have higher serum GAL3 levels, disease duration, Hoehn-Yahr stage, MDS-UPDRS III total score, tremor subscores, rigid subscores, and bradykinesia subscores than those with age <= 60 years. When adjusting for confounders, higher GAL3 level was significantly correlated with MDS-UPDRS III total score and rigid subscores. In men with PD, GAL3 was significantly correlated with MDS-UPDRS III total score; but the association between GAL3 and bradykinesia subscores was found in women. Moreover, the associations between GAL3 with MDS-UPDRS III total score and bradykinesia subscores were significant in patients with age >60 years. Conclusion: Higher GAL3 level was related to more severe motor performance in patients with age >60 years, and it may be a potential predictive biomarker for motor performance in PD patients.