Quantum Computing for Complex Energy Systems: A Review

Quantum computing holds promise for addressing previously unsolvable problems, particularly within complex energy systems driven by big data. This research employs a semi-systematic literature analysis to identify and categorise popular quantum algorithms with potential applications in these systems. The algorithms are divided into two main groups: quantum chemical simulation algorithms and quantum optimisation algorithms. Quantum chemical simulations can model molecules, facilitating the discovery of advanced materials and technologies for complex energy systems. Meanwhile, quantum optimisation algorithms aim to enhance energy production efficiency by optimising the grid's energy flow and smart energy storage. A significant challenge across all algorithms is the current hardware limitations, as they require more processing power than is presently available. Additionally, these algorithms necessitate precise initial parameter settings, necessitating accurate representation of real-world scenarios. Overcoming these challenges could enable quantum computing to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of complex energy systems significantly.