A bibliometric analysis of inflammatory bowel disease research in the Arab world

Background: The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase worldwide, including in the Arab world. This study investigates IBD research output in Arab countries from 2009 to 2023, alongside prevalence and incidence trends. Methods: We utilized bibliometric analysis with data from Clarivate Analytics, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank. We compared the research output, citation impact, and funding across 22 Arab countries with global averages. Spearman's correlation examined relationships between IBD publications and prevalence, incidence rates, gross domestic product (GDP), and population size. Results: Between 2009 and 2023, Arab countries produced 1004 IBD-related publications (2.9% of global output), with Saudi Arabia (37.7%) and Egypt (27.5%) being the leading countries. The median IBD incidence rose from 2.42 to 3.06 per 100,000, with the prevalence increasing from 28.93 to 33.95 per 100,000 from 2009 to 2019. Arab IBD research had a citation impact of 14.49 compared to the global average of 23.98. Funded research constituted 18.7% of Arab publications, lower than the global rate of 32.4%. We found positive correlations between IBD publication counts and prevalence (r(s) = 0.753), incidence rates (r(s) = 0.734), and GDP (r(s) = 0.782), all with P < 0.001. Population size showed a nonsignificant correlation (r(s) = 0.371, P = 0.090) with IBD publication counts. Conclusions: Arab nations contribute 2.9% of global IBD research, with lower citation impact and funding than the global average. Enhanced local support is crucial to improving research impact and addressing the rising prevalence of IBD in the Arab world.