Estimation of Global Illumination Using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks

Synthesis of realistic virtual environments requires careful rendering of light and shadows, a task often bottle-necked by the high computational cost of global illumination (GI) techniques. This paper introduces a new GI approach that improves computational efficiency without a significant reduction in image quality. The proposed system transforms initial direct-illumination renderings into globally illuminated representations by incorporating a Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Network (CycleGAN). Our CycleGAN-based approach has demonstrated superior performance over the Pix2Pix model according to the LPIPS metric, which emphasizes perceptual similarity. To facilitate such comparisons, we have created a novel dataset (to be shared with the research community) that provides in-game images that were obtained with and without GI rendering. This work aims to advance real-time GI estimation without the need for costly, specialized computational hardware. Our work and the dataset are made publicly available at https://github.com/junhofive/CycleGAN-Illumination.