Prevalence, risk factors and morphological description of intestinal cestodes of small ruminants in Algeria

The present study aims to identify and assess the prevalence of cestodes parasitizing the intestines of small ruminants and to evaluate the factors affecting their occurrence in Algeria. The methods employed included autopsy and staining. The results revealed the presence of six tapeworm species belonging to four genera: Moniezia expansa (Rudolphi, 1810), Moniezia benedeni (Moniez, 1879), Stilesia globipunctata (Rivolta, 1874), Stilesia sp. (Railliet, 1893), Avitellina centripunctata (Rivolta, 1874) and Thysaniezia ovilla (Rivolta, 1878), with varying infestation rates. Among the 316 samples analyzed, 36 were found to contain at least one cestode species, resulting in an overall prevalence of 11.39%. Moniezia expansa was the dominant species, with high prevalence rates in both goats and sheep. An analysis of factors influencing cestode occurrence showed that females were more affected than males in both host species. Similarly, younger animals were more parasitized than adults, and the Berber breed exhibited the highest infestation levels. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between cestode prevalence and the variable "season," with higher infestation rates recorded during spring and summer, making season a notable risk factor. Additionally, several parasitic co-occurrences were observed, with the most frequent being the association of M. expansa and S. globipunctata (50%). In conclusion, given the presence of intestinal cestodes in all slaughtered animals throughout the study period and across all regions of the country, it is imperative that authorities, particularly livestock breeders, prioritize the health of their animals. Improved management practices could enhance Algerian livestock productivity and contribute to the country's economy.