An Examination of Dispositional Trust in Human and Autonomous System Interactions

The rapid advancement of technology has changed the human and AS interactions, blurring the boundaries of what must be a human or automation action. The successfully implementation of humanin-the-loop is essential for the new relationship between humans and AS, in which control is shared and a team-mate collaboration arises. We believe that only through the best understanding of human factors and individual differences it will be possible to work towards the formation and calibration of trust in human and AS interactions. Therefore, this study conducted an online questionnaire to investigate the influence of personality traits, culture orientation, and individual differences on dispositional trust, as an effort to map out humans' baseline trust in autonomous systems. We found that while some factors presented significant relation with trust in autonomous systems when analyzed as an isolated variable, such as agreeableness trait, they do not have significant results when investigated concomitantly to other factors. Thus, we were able to identify that some individual differences - cultural values, extrovertion trait, and age - presented stronger influence on the dispositional trust in automation. Thus, our study provides valuable information about human factors that mediate trust, which supports the optimization and improvement of the overall interaction between humans and autonomous systems.