Association Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Exposure and Intraocular Pressure Change

PURPOSE: This study evaluates the effects of glucagon center dot METHODS: The University of California Health Data Warehouse was queried for patients exposed to GLP-1R agonists or other oral antidiabetics. A total of 1247 glaucoma surgery and treatment naive eyes of 626 patientson GLP-1R agonists and 1083 glaucoma surgery and treatment naive eyes of 547 patients on other oral antidiabetics were included. Index date was defined as the date of first exposure to the medication. Eyes with at least one pre-exposure and one post-exposure tonometry records within 365 days of the index date were included. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted. Eyes were excluded upon exposure to glaucoma hypotensive medication or glaucoma surgery. The primary outcome measure was DIOP after exposure, which was analyzed using a paired t test and generalized center dot RESULTS: The median age was 66.2 years [IQR = 18.3]; 607 (51.7%) were female, and 667 hemoglobin A1c, and body mass index were 15.2 mm Hg [IQR = 3.8], 7.5 [IQR = 2.4], and 29.8 [IQR = 9.4], respectively. A total of 776 individuals (66.1%) had diabetes, with the median number of active oral antidiabetics being 1.0 [IQR = 1.0], and 441 (37.5%) being insulin users. Several pre-exposure characteristics differed between the groups. The mean D IOP was-0.4 +/- 2.8 mm Hg (paired t test P < .001) and-0.2 +/- 3.3 mm Hg (paired t test P = .297) in the GLP-1R agonist and other antidiabetics groups, respectively. Pre-exposure IOP was the only independent predictor of D IOP in multivariable GEE. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: Although GLP-1R agonists were significantly associated with a decrease in IOP in the paired analysis, they were not associated with D IOP in multivariable GEE. Moreover, the difference in D IOP between the two groups was small. (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)