Successful endoscopic resection of a rare extension of peripheral giant cell granuloma into the infratemporal fossa via the maxillary sinus: A case report study

Introduction and significance: Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a benign reactive lesion commonly found in the mandible but rarely in the maxillary sinus and extending to the infratemporal fossa, which poses a major challenge in excision in this case. It can occasionally lead to bone erosion. Complete surgical excision is the primary treatment. Case presentation: We present a rare case of PGCG in the maxillary sinus of a male patient following the extraction of the maxillary second molar, resulting in destruction of the bony margins. The patient underwent complete endoscopic resection with a flap to repair the bone loss in the maxilla. Clinical discussion: Clinicians should be aware of this uncommon location of PGCG to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment with minimal patient trauma and excellent outcomes. Conclusion: Endoscopy is a highly effective method for removing PGCG located in the maxillary sinus and extending to the infratemporal fossa, even in cases of large size. It offers excellent results and provides good visualization of the maxillary sinus.