Range Safety Considerations for Processing and Launching Reactor-Based Space Nuclear Systems

Space nuclear systems (SNSs) present a robust source of power and/or propulsion technology that will fundamentally enhance and expand deep-space mission capability. In this era of space nuclear renaissance, there are several active U.S. SNS programs, one of which is seeking the first space reactor launch approval of the modern era. SNSs present complex systems with unique and novel challenges for established launch safety procedures, particularly for prelaunch and initial launch operations as prescribed by the U.S. government's federal ranges. This paper examines high-level range safety considerations for a model expander cycle nuclear thermal propulsion SNS during ground processing and the pad and launch operational phases.