Otolaryngology Simulation Curriculum Development and Evaluation for Medical Education in Rwanda

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a new low-cost otolaryngology simulation training curriculum for medical students in Rwanda. Given the limited access to hands-on training and equipment in low-middle-income countries, building confidence in performing basic otolaryngology skills is vital for all medical students, especially where all graduates initially serve in primary care before specializing.Study DesignPreintervention and postintervention assessments of simulation training.SettingConducted at the University of Global Health Equity in Rwanda.MethodsThe simulation program comprised 3 primary components: (1) a low-cost, moderate-fidelity model for cricothyrotomy and tracheostomy practice, (2) a low-cost, low-fidelity ear model for foreign body and cerumen removal, and a high-fidelity manikin for practicing, (3) epistaxis management, and (4) nasal foreign body removal. Students underwent pretest and posttest assessments measuring their knowledge, experience, perceived skill, and confidence in performing these procedures. A survey collected feedback on the program.ResultsA total of 29 medical students participated in the simulation program, integrated into a 1-week otolaryngology "boot camp" preceding a 3-week clerkship rotation. All models were created using basic, locally available materials, at a total cost of $1.02 for cricothyrotomy and $0.20 for foreign body models. Knowledge and perceived confidence increased for all 3 simulations. All students found the simulations useful, enjoyable, and anticipated using these skills in future training.ConclusionThe study's results demonstrated that the low-cost otolaryngology simulation was well-received and enhanced knowledge, interest, and confidence in performing basic otolaryngology skills across all simulations.