Combining Self-supervised Learning and Adversarial Training based Domain Adaptation for Speaker Verification

Adapting an existing well-trained system to a new domain using only unlabeled data is a highly sought-after yet challenging task for speaker verification in real-world scenarios. In this paper, we study two different domain adaptation methods, the adversarial domain adaptation (ADA) and the self-supervised learning-based domain adaptation (SSDA). To facilitate the deployment of unsupervised adaptation methods in applications, we conduct a detailed analysis of the characteristics of both the ADA and SSDA adaptation strategies. Our findings indicate that the SSDA strategy's performance is highly influenced by the amount of target domain data, whereas the ADA strategy is relatively insensitive to data quantity. Furthermore, augmenting target domain data enhances SSDA system performance but diminishes ADA performance. To further enhance system performance, we explore the complementarity between ADA and SSDA. Our results demonstrate that ADA and SSDA complement each other. When both strategies are applied jointly, the best system achieves over 20.0% relative Equal Error Rate (EER) improvement on the Cnceleb evaluation set and over 35.0% relative average EER improvement on the SRE16 Cantonese and Tagalog evaluation set under domain mismatched conditions.