Innovations in X-ray tube design and instrumentation for conventional radiological applications: a scoping review

This scoping review explores the advancements in diagnostic X-ray tube technology and instrumentation for radiological applications over the past decade. A PRISMA-ScR-guided search strategy was employed across three electronic databases, focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024. The search criteria included the beam-shaping capability, beam quality characteristics, and radiation dose analysis reported in studies on novel X-ray tube designs for operation at diagnostic ionizing X-ray beam energies. Data extraction followed a comprehensive process aligned with PRISMA-ScR. The initial search identified 4,563 studies, 80 of which were selected for full-text assessment. The reviewed literature focuses on the advancements in conventional radiography, computed tomography, and mammography. The key areas of investigation included the development of multisource X-ray systems, optimization of focal spot characteristics, and enhancement of the beam quality through advanced filtration techniques. These advancements contribute to improved imaging performance, reduced patient radiation exposure, and enhanced diagnostic accuracy in clinical practice.