Academic, University, and Alternative Philosophical-Cosmological Studies in Ukraine: Second Half of the 20th - Early 21st Century

This article offers the first comprehensive analysis of theory and practice in Ukrainian philosophy of cosmology (second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries). The authors cover the main content of the three conditional stages of the disciplines'formation, mainly: 1. Its origin and development in the conditions of humanization and Europeanization of academic and university science during the Khrushchev "Thaw" and the beginning of "stagnation"in the Ukrainian SSR (the mid-50s to the early 70s of the 20th century); 2. Its formation as a stable direction of official - academic and alternative - actually nonconformist and dissident - scientific studies, especially original authorial concepts (the early 70s to early 90s of the 20th century); 3. the institutionalization of philosophical and cosmological studies as an academic-university and state-patriotic direction of scientific research integrated into the global academic and university experience (1991 - the 20s of the 21st century). The development of cosmological studies at the Ukrainian SSRs'Main Astronomical Observatory since the 1940s, together with productive collaborations of the academys' humanitarian and other institutes in a broad thematic palette of the analysis of the universe and society, resulted in their accomplishments being applied in a number of projects and programs of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences during the 1960s and 1980s. During that time, the Ukrainian SSR saw two distinct trends in philosophical and cosmological research: alternative - nonconformist-dissident and academic-university. The first of them embodied a bright range of outstanding achievements of the classics of our native science, primarily V. Vernadskyi, V. Hlushkov, I. Klymyshyn, and P. Kopnin, and the second, in which the philosophical and cosmic concepts of the ideologists of the Resistance Movement M. Rudenko and O. Berdnyk stand out. They became real sources of creative advancement in the philosophy of cosmology in modern Ukraine. Their notable accomplishments include the most recent philosophical and cosmological ideas of O. Bazaluk, Yu. Kanyhin, M. Chmykhov, and Yu. Shylov, as well as the scientific studies of the International Society of Philosophy and Cosmology (ICPC), which is led by the first of them.