Numerical study on wake recovery of vertical-axis wind turbines through fixed blade pitch offsets: H vs X rotors

This study assesses the wake recovery mechanism between an H-type Darrieus and an X-type vertical-axis wind turbine, named H-Rotor and X-Rotor respectively for different blade pitch offset configurations. The analysis is conducted in OpenFOAM using the actuator line method to model the turbines to present qualitative (velocity and vorticity contours) and quantitative (available power) studies for three different fixed blade pitch offsets. The results demonstrate that the H-Rotor recovers the wake much faster than the X-Rotor at positive pitch offsets. Overall, applying fixed pitch offsets to VAWT blades helps recover the wake faster than having no blade pitch offset.