Dynamic control, routing, and resource assignment in multi-granular optical node topologies combining wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching for 6G transport networks [Invited]

Effective management of end-to-end 6G network services is crucial, with peak capacity requirements for 6G transport connections expected to exceed 1 Tb/s. As demand for high bandwidth rises, there is a growing necessity for high-capacity optical fiber links, including ultra-wideband (UWB) and multiple fiber links within the network. Scaling up to accommodate these demands, designing wavelength-selective switches (WSSs) for such networks significantly increases the port count. To tackle this issue, we propose various multi-granular optical node (MG-ON) architectures utilizing heterogeneous wavelength, waveband, and spatial switching. We evaluate these architectures' performance against high-capacity wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks through various simulation parameters.