Zinc Nanoparticles Mitigated Anemia Induced by High Fat/Sucrose Diet Via Regulation of Hepcidin Gene and Combating Iron-Overload Disease.

Nanomaterials are used in numerous fields due to rapid nanotechnology advancement. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are used in medicine, diagnosis, and treatment. This research examined zinc nanoparticles' ability to treat anaemia in obese rats by preserving iron homeostasis and reducing oxidative stress. A group of rats were assigned as non-obese and over of 16 weeks, a total of 24 Wistar adult male rats were subjected to a diet high in and sucrose. Then rats were assigned to 3 groups; obese, 5 or 10 mg/Kg ZnONPs IP that were treated for the next 8 weeks. Concerning blood cells, the treatment of obese rats with ZnONPs significantly alleviated the increase in WBCs and platelets count, ESR, and plasma fibrinogen level. Also, ZnONPs attenuated the decrease in bleeding time, RBCs count, MCV, lymphocyte %, and Hb level of obese rats. Otherwise, obese rats exhibited a significant rise in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), TNF-alpha (Tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL6 (Interleukin 6), and CRP (C-reactive protein) levels, while the level of reduced glutathione decreased. The high-fat diet also disrupted adipocyte secretion, resulting in a significant drop in adiponectin and a rise in leptin. ZnONPs also altered earlier parameters. Also, the handling of obese rats with ZnONPs led to a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) and body weight gain. It appears that the virtue of ZnONPs in maintaining iron homeostasis and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in obese rats led to improvement in blood cells and lessening of anemia.