Depuration kinetics of potentially toxic metals (Hg, Co and Cr) in Perna viridis: Implications for biomonitoring, environmental management, and planetary health

This study aims to study the depuration kinetics of mercury (Hg), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) in the soft tissues of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis, transplanted from one polluted site (Kg. Pasir Puteh) to two relatively unpolluted sites (Sungai Belungkor and Kg. Sungai Melayu). The effectiveness of P. viridis as a biomonitor for heavy metal contamination was assessed by monitoring the reduction in metal concentrations over a six-week period. The results revealed that Hg exhibited the highest depuration rates, with reductions exceeding 95% at both sites, while Co and Cr showed slower depuration rates, with significant site-specific variations. Health risk assessments, including estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, and estimated weekly intake, indicated a substantial decrease in potential risks associated with seafood consumption as a result of the depuration process. These findings underscore the importance of considering environmental conditions when interpreting depuration data, highlight the role of P. viridis in supporting sustainable environmental management practices, and connect the health of marine ecosystems to broader planetary health and global sustainability goals, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.