Facile hydrothermal fabrication of In2O3/Fe2O3 as potential electrode material for supercapacitor

The limited cycle stability and poor electrochemical performance of electrode materials remain significant challenges for energy storage systems such as batteries and supercapacitors. To overcome these limitations, development of nanostructured materials with enhanced specific surface area and electrical conductivity is essential. In present study, a single-step hydrothermal process was used to fabricate an In2O3/Fe2O3 nano- composite for supercapacitor applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed rough hexagonal nanoparticles in prepared material. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments demonstrated a specific capacitance (Csp) of 379.77 F g-1. The nanocomposite exhibited an impressive Csp of 1868.22 F g-1 at a current density (CD) of 2 A g-1, with energy and power densities of 58.29 Wh kg-1 and 474 kW kg-1, respectively, as determined by galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) analysis in a three-electrode configuration. In a two-electrode configuration, the material achieved a Csp of 1564.9 F g-1 at a CD of 2 A g-1, along with an energy density of 356.6 Wh kg-1 and a power density of 0.3375 kW kg-1. The smaller semicircle observed in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated improved electrical conductivity. The enhanced capacitance of the nanocomposite, attributed to efficient ion transfer and an expanded structure, highlights its potential for surface-dependent electrochemical applications. This study introduces a novel concept for designing advanced electrode materials for supercapacitors.