1α,25(OH)2D3 Regulates the TGF-β1/Samd Signaling Pathway Inhibition of Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation

Objective To investigate the effect of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 on hepatic stellate cells and the mechanism of the TGF-beta 1/Smad signaling pathway. Methods LX2 cells were treated with TGF-beta 1 and different concentrations of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3. Cell proliferation was assessed using the CCK8 assay to determine the optimal concentration of 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 activity. The cell cycle and apoptotic rates were evaluated using flow cytometry. The expressions of Samd2, Samd3, Samd4, and Samd7 was assessed by western blotting, whereas the expression of MMP1, MMP13, and TIMP-1 was detected by qPCR. Results Compared with the control group, the 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 group had a higher apoptotic rate of LX2 cells, the cell cycle was blocked from the G1 stage to the S stage, the expressions of Samd2, Samd7, MMP1, and MMP13 increased, while the expressions of Samd3, Samd4, and TIMP-1 decreased. Conclusion 1 alpha,25(OH)(2)D-3 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and exerts anti-hepatic fibrosis effects by downregulating the expression of Samd3, Samd4, TIMP-1 and upregulating the expression of Samd2, Samd4, MMP1, and MMP13.