Optimizing open-pit iron ore mine waste dump stability with an increased height: A geotechnical perspective

This study pertains to the stability of the waste dump of an iron ore mine near the working pit area in western India, with a focus on exploring the potential to increase the dimensions of dump aligned with sustainable mining practices and ensuring safety, through a process of optimization. The approach combined field investigations, laboratory testing, and numerical modelling of slope, using limit equilibrium method, and evaluating the Factor of Safety (FoS) of the dump. The results indicated that the existing dump exhibited stability, with FoS values ranging from 1.407 to 1.996, adhering to Indian regulations. Slope stability analysis of the dump was performed to evaluate the stability of modified dump with proposed changes in slope parameters. Additionally, moderate increases in height and adjustments in slope angles to 30 degrees-35 degrees was proposed to enhanced the dump capacity. The changes efficiently implemented increased the dump area by 1.01 hectare and dump capacity by 1.16 million tons, without compromising safety of the dump slopes. Additionally, the need for enhanced monitoring especially during adverse weather conditions is stressed.