Overcoming Dispersion Limitations: A Review of Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted Fiber Designs for Orbital Angular Momentum Mode

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, characterized by their helical phase front and annular intensity profile, manifest the spatial distribution information of the electromagnetic field. In fiber-optic communication, implementing OAM modes offers an additional spatial multiplexing dimension, enabling significant capacity increases for communication system. To effectively utilize OAM modes as independent and stable transmission channels, various ring-core fibers are proposed and fabricated to match the annular intensity distribution of these modes. Among these designs, a series of non-zero dispersion-shifted ring-core fibers (NZDSRF) emerges as a promising approach for dispersion management in OAM-based transmission. By carefully engineering the dispersion characteristics of the fiber, NZDSRFs can minimize signal pulse broadening, making them more suitable for long-distance OAM multiplexing systems. This summary presents an overview of various NZDSRF designs and compares their capabilities in dispersion management of OAM modes.