Adaptive photothermal management of smart window based on VO2

Radiative cooling technology reduces the temperature of objects by passively radiating long-wave infrared energy into cold outer space. While the technology is widely used in buildings, its application in spectral dynamic modulation needs to be further explored. To address this issue, we propose a smart window based on vanadium dioxide designed to adaptively regulate the emissivity of atmospheric windows and enhance the transmittance of visible. By altering the different states of vanadium dioxide, we can effectively regulate the emissivity of the atmospheric windows. In high-temperature environments, the window achieves high emissivity for cooling purposes, while it maintains low emissivity under low-temperature conditions to prevent heat loss. Furthermore, this window structure can regulate the transmittance of visible light before and after the vanadium dioxide phase change to ensure a suitable light environment. This design demonstrates significant flexibility in balancing visible transmittance and atmospheric windows emissivity. Additionally, the smart window exhibits excellent polarization independence and a broad range of insensitivity to the angle of incidence, significantly expanding its potential applications. This study enriches the smart windows research field and has good application prospects in infrared stealth, building and automobile energy saving.