Sustainable antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging: Environmental implications and solutions

The packaging industry is undergoing a transformation driven by the need to enhance supply chain profitability while minimizing environmental impact. In order to meet these problems, packaging has developed into a medium of communication as well as a vital part of practical, long-term solutions for environmental impact and food safety. Simultaneously, escalating environmental concerns have triggered recycling initiatives and the emergence of innovative packaging solutions, such as biodegradable and compostable alternatives. This review explores the environmental implications and solutions surrounding sustainable antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging. We highlight the use of biopolymers like carrageenan, cellulose, chitosan, collagen, and starch, which offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity advantages. A combination of biodegradable polymers with natural antioxidants and antimicrobials improves the sustainability profile, making natural resources-based agents superior to conventional synthetic ones. This review underscores the significant progress made in environmentally friendly antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging. Sustainable solutions and innovations have been comprehensively addressed. Innovations in sustainable materials and designs offer a promising path to reduce waste, resource consumption, and environmental impacts. As the global population continues to grow, the demand for food and its associated packaging materials will rise in tandem. Therefore, collective efforts from consumers, legislators, and industry stakeholders are imperative to promote sustainable packaging practices. Industry leaders must invest in research and development to create cutting-edge sustainable packaging solutions that adhere to safety and environmental regulations, while policymakers play a pivotal role in fostering and regulating sustainable packaging practices. Consumers have the power to drive change by choosing products with eco-friendly packaging, contributing to waste reduction and resource preservation. Embracing sustainable antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging is not merely a trend but a necessity for a greener and more sustainable future, reflecting our shared responsibility to protect both our products and the planet.