Multi-criteria analysis of renewable energy alternatives in southwest Sumba using TOPSIS method with 5C framework

Renewable energy development is important for improving energy security and economic growth in Indonesia. This study identifies the best renewable energy potential in Southwest Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara Province, using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method based on 5C criteria: Consolidated, Controllable, Continue, Clean, and Cheap. The research uses a multi-criteria decision-making approach, using primary data from expert interviews and secondary data from literature reviews. The TOPSIS analysis shows that solar energy has the highest preference value, followed by bioenergy and hydropower. Technical assessments show important implementation requirements for each renewable energy option. The study recommends prioritizing solar energy development, supporting bioenergy projects, improving micro-hydro facilities, and creating clear renewable energy policies. Success depends on cooperation between stakeholders and aligning renewable energy development with regional sustainability and community needs. These efforts can help Southwest Sumba develop its renewable energy sector and contribute to national energy security goals.