Harnessing Bacterial Agents to Modulate the Tumor Microenvironment and Enhance Cancer Immunotherapy

被引:8
作者
Thomas, Christina James [1 ]
Delgado, Kaylee [1 ]
Sawant, Kamlesh [1 ]
Roy, Jacob [1 ]
Gupta, Udit [1 ]
Song, Carly Shaw [1 ]
Poojary, Rayansh [1 ]
de Figueiredo, Paul [2 ]
Song, Jianxun [1 ]
机构
[1] Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunol, MREB 2,Room 3344,8447 John Sharp Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
[2] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, MO 65212 USA
关键词
cancer immunotherapy; tumor microenvironment; engineered bacteria; immunosuppression; immune checkpoint inhibitors; bacterial therapeutics; antitumor immunity; ATTENUATED SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; ACTIVATION GENE-3 LAG-3; T-CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CLOSTRIDIUM-NOVYI-NT; SUPPRESSOR-CELLS; BACTERIOLYTIC THERAPY; DENDRITIC CELLS; IN-VITRO; HPV E7;
D O I
10.3390/cancers16223810
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system to attack tumors. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), where a complex interplay of tumor, stromal, and immune cells undermines antitumor responses and allows tumors to evade immune detection. This review explores innovative strategies to modify the TME and enhance immunotherapy outcomes, focusing on the therapeutic potential of engineered bacteria. These bacteria exploit the unique characteristics of the TME, such as abnormal vasculature and immune suppression, to selectively accumulate in tumors. Genetically modified bacteria can deliver therapeutic agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and cytokines, directly to tumor sites. This review highlights how bacterial therapeutics can target critical immune cells within the TME, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages, thereby promoting antitumor immunity. The combination of bacterial therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive cell transfer presents a promising strategy to counteract immune suppression. Continued research in this area could position bacterial agents as a powerful new modality to reshape the TME and enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, particularly for tumors resistant to conventional treatments.
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页数:24
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