The effect of vitamin D on the lipid profile in individuals with overweight or obesity: A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Background and aim: Previous studies have reported on the relationship between vitamin D and the lipid profile in individuals with obesity or overweight, but results have been inconsistent. Hence, we conducted this meta- analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials to assess the effect of vitamin D on the lipid profile in individuals with overweight or obesity. Methods: A meticulous search strategy was used in various databases, and article published up to November 2023 were included. The DerSimonian and Laird random effects model was applied to compute the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of the intervention on each variable. Results: Vitamin D supplementation did not yield significant alterations in LDL-C (WMD: 2.10 mg/dL, CI:- 5.20-9.41, p = 0.572), HDL-C (WMD: 1.49 mg/dL, 95 % CI:- 1.55-4.55, P = 0.337), and TC concentrations (WMD:-1.99 mg/dL, CI:- 8.21-4.22, P = 0.530). Conversely, a significant decrease in TG levels was observed studies conducted in individuals with comorbidities (WMD:-6.03 mg/dL, 95 % CI:-11.92 to-0.15, p = 0.044), vitamin D doses of >= 50000 IU/week (WMD:-20.87 mg/dL, 95 % CI:-39.63 to-2.11, P = 0.029), and subjects with baseline TG concentrations >= 150 mg/dl (WMD:-25.95 mg/dL, 95 % CI:-51.51 to-0.40, p = 0.046). Conclusion: According to our study findings, vitamin D has significant effect on the hypertriglyceridemia in individuals with obesity or overweight. However, vitamin D has no significant effect on the LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC concentrations in individuals with obesity or overweight.