The role of low carbon fuels towards net-zero in integrated assessment models and energy system models: A critical review

被引：0

作者：

Liu, Zipeng ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Zhang, Meixi ^{[1
,4
]}

Bauer, Christian ^{[1
]}

Mckenna, Russell ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Paul Scherrer Inst, Ctr Nucl Engn & Sci, Lab Energy Syst Anal, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

[2] Paul Scherrer Inst, Ctr Energy & Environm Sci, Lab Energy Syst Anal, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

[3] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Energy & Proc Engn, Chair Energy Syst Anal, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

[4] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Climate Policy Lab, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

来源：

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS | 2025年 / 215卷

关键词：

LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; CLIMATE; HYDROGEN; IMPACTS; WORLD; EU; METHODOLOGY; OPTIONS; COST;

D O I：

10.1016/j.rser.2025.115608

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Low-carbon fuels (LCFs) are crucial for achieving net-zero CO2 emission goals in integrated assessment model (IAM) and energy system model (ESM) scenarios. The absence of a standardized LCF classification system and inconsistencies in modeling approaches have obscured the integration of various LCFs within these models and makes a meaningful comparison of scenario outcomes difficult. This study addresses these issues by conducting a comprehensive critical review of the representation of LCFs in IAMs and ESMs, focusing on the fuel's role in shaping net-zero emission futures. We categorize LCFs into key groups, including electrification, hydrogen, synfuels, and biofuels. Our analysis reveals substantial gaps in technical modeling, lifecycle emissions data, incomplete modeling of environmental impacts beyond CO2 emission, and discrepancies in LCF applications across sectors. To enhance the accuracy of future scenarios, we recommend adopting a unified LCF classification system, standardized input data, and more detailed sectoral applications. Additionally, we advocate for the integration of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) into IAMs and ESMs to improve the evaluation of LCFs' full environmental impacts, providing a more comprehensive foundation for net-zero emission pathways.

引用

页数：18