Potential association between magnesium depletion score and hyperuricemia in American adults, a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2003-2018

Objective: The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hyperuricemia necessitate the identification of contributing factors to better understand disease progression and develop effective therapies. This study aimed to investigate the association between Magnesium Depletion Score (MDS) and hyperuricemia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018. Hyperuricemia was defined by serum uric acid levels. MDS was calculated by incorporating factors affecting renal magnesium reabsorption.Weighted multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the association between MDS and hyperuricemia, with sensitivity analyses to confirm robustness. Additionally, Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to further elucidate the relationship. Results: Compared to the low MDS group (0-1), the odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the middle MDS group (2) and high MDS group (3-5) were 1.76 (1.52-2.04), and 3.14(2.54-3.88), respectively. The RCS analysis illustrated a linear dose-response relationship between MDS and hyperuricemia. The ROC analysis demonstrated that MDS had an area under the curve of 0.720 (95 % CI, 0.717-0.721). Conclusions: This study highlights a strong association between MDS and hyperuricemia risk, emphasizing the importance of addressing magnesium deficiency in hyperuricemic patients.