Multistability and multi-spiral chaotic sea in a novel 3-D system with a line of equilibrium

This paper introduces a novel chaotic system that features a line of equilibrium and a unique multi-spiral chaotic sea. Unlike classical conservative chaotic systems, this model cannot directly exhibit a zero divergence but its conservative property can be confirmed by the zero sum of Lyapunov exponents. In addition, the system is shown to support the generation of coexisting nested hidden tori under specific parameter and initial conditions. The detailed dynamic analysis is presented using bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent, and phase portrait. The corresponding analog circuit is designed with circuitry simulations results to verify the theoretical predictions and numerical simulations.