Sustainable maritime passenger transport: energy analysis and transition strategies in Istanbul Strait

Maritime transportation plays a significant role in global trade by connecting countries and facilitating the movement of goods and people. Sustainable transportation systems are essential for environmental, social, economic challenges, and climate change, congestion, air pollution. Istanbul faces some significant problems in passenger transport and quests new dynamics. A tailored reference energy system has been built for Kad & imath;k & ouml;y-Emin & ouml;n & uuml; maritime route with Low Emissions Analysis Platform. Moreover, an alternative scenario has been designed to demonstrate the consequences of electrification in the Istanbul Strait. As a result of the tightening in energy transition conditions with IMO GHG strategy, LPG usage is analysed on LEAP platform. Main propulsion is indicated as the largest energy consumer, accounting for approximately 80% of total demand, indicating a critical area for optimization, while achieving the emission reduction targets will require coordinated efforts from policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers to develop effective decarbonization strategies in the Istanbul Strait.