Insight into the Novel Synthesis Approaches and Biological Activity of 1,3,4 Oxadiazole: A Review

Oxadiazole is an organic compound featuring a heterocyclic ring housing carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Due to their heightened stability in biological environments, oxadiazole rings exhibit significant biological activities, effectively addressing health challenges like infectious diseases and chronic conditions in medicinal chemistry. The main objective of this review is to discuss various synthetic approaches related to 1,3,4-oxadiazole and its derivatives. The diverse reactivity positions oxadiazole as a valuable building block in organic synthesis, with derivatives exhibiting promising pharmacological activities. It involves a systematic literature review, critical analysis, and synthesis of existing research. This review comprises the ever-expanding chemical knowledge and has significant implications for drug development. Synthetic approaches to synthesizing oxadiazole through different schemes and methods have been discussed thoroughly. This review also concisely associated the pharmacological activities of oxadiazole and its derivatives. This review highlights the importance of continued research into the structure-activity relationships of oxadiazole derivatives, paving the way for developing novel and more potent therapeutic agents.