Highly Sensitive Polarization-Independent Metasurface Terahertz Biosensor for Multi-disease Diagnosis

This study presents a novel high-performance refractive index-based metasurface terahertz biosensor with a multi-resonance architecture which allows for real-time, non-invasive detection of multiple diseases including skin, blood, and cervical cancers with exceptional sensitivity of up to 3.714 THz/RIU. Unlike conventional biosensors that rely on complex nanomaterials or noble metals, the proposed sensor employs a cost-effective aluminum-polyimide structure that ensures scalability, ease of fabrication, and broad applicability. The proposed sensor is completely polarization-independent and angularly stable up to 60 degrees which further enhances reliability and certifies consistent performance under varying conditions, making it a superior alternative to existing THz biosensors. Comparative analysis highlights its superiority over state-of-the-art biosensors, achieving higher sensitivity while maintaining a simple design and efficient material selection. By contributing a single adaptable platform that is capable of detecting multiple diseases, the proposed sensor eliminates the need for disease-specific devices and provides a universal, efficient, and accessible solution for future global healthcare applications.