Preparation Of Novel Multihydrophilic Anionic-Nonionic Sugar-Based Surfactants: I-Study Of Surface Activity, Performance, Detergency And Antimicrobial Assessment

A series of novel sugar-based anionic-nonionic surfactants was prepared by carboxylation of mono-fatty acyl sugar esters. The molecular structure of these amphiphiles consists of a non-polar lipidic (octadecanoyl or hexadecanoyl) chain grafted to the primary hydroxyl group in various sugars (sucrose, maltose and glucose). An anionic hydrophilic carboxyl or methyl-carboxyl group was incorporated into a hydroxyl functionality of the sugar moiety. The configuration of this molecular structure involves a hydrophobic acyl tail and a sugar hydrophilic backbone bearing anionic polar head group. The structure of this new molecular framework was characterized by FTIR, 1 HNMR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. The data of this analysis agree with the suggested molecular structure. These molecules, investigated in details for their self-assembling performance, indicated their strong surface tension-lowering efficiency, distinct foamability, rapid wetting power and long-term emulsifying stability. In addition, they possess effective soil-cloth cleansing and dishwashing detergency as well as evident lime-soap dispersion efficiency. All properties analyzed were related to standard anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS). Besides their potent surface-active characteristics, they possess obvious sequestering tolerance to calcium and magnesium metal ions, compared with those of the commercial Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). The compounds are eco-friendly and were also recognized for their distinct antimicrobial action. The current study is concerned with a comprehensive investigation and evaluation of the functionality and possible multipurpose applications of these surface-active compounds.