Crosslinking/spinning strategies of nanocellulose enhances the performances for self-powered wearable sensors

Nanocellulose-based materials have garnered widespread attention in the field of wearables due to their significant advantages such as ease of modification, flexibility, and mechanical properties. However, poor hydrophobicity, weak polarity, and low thermal stability have restricted the extensive application of nanocellulose in the wearable domain. To address these challenges, numerous studies have focused on improving the shortcomings of nanocellulose materials in practical applications. Starting from crosslinking mechanisms and spinning formation strategies, it systematically discusses the characteristics and performance advantages of crosslinked/ spun nanocellulose materials, particularly emphasizing improvements in mechanical strength, thermal stability, and enhanced electrical and hydrophobic properties. The review summarizes the applications of wearable devices based on crosslinked/spun nanocellulose materials in areas such as energy harvesting, sensing, health monitoring, and human-machine interaction. Finally, it discusses the challenges and opportunities for the future development of crosslinked/spun nanocellulose materials.