Bacterial Communities and Resistance and Virulence Genes in Hospital and Community Wastewater: Metagenomic Analysis

被引:0
作者
Velazquez-Meza, Maria Elena [1 ]
Galarde-Lopez, Miguel [2 ]
Cornejo-Juarez, Patricia [3 ]
Bobadilla-del-Valle, Miriam [4 ]
Godoy-Lozano, Ernestina [1 ]
Aguilar-Vera, Edgar [1 ]
Carrillo-Quiroz, Berta Alicia [1 ]
de Leon-Garduno, Alfredo Ponce [4 ]
Acosta, Consuelo Velazquez [3 ]
Alpuche-Aranda, Celia Mercedes [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico
[2] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Ctr Nacl Invest Disciplinaria Salud Anim & Inocuid, Mexico City 05110, Mexico
[3] Inst Nacl Cancerol, Dept Infectol, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
[4] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Lab Nacl Maxima Segur Estudio TB & Enfermedades Em, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
关键词
metagenomic analysis; resistome; virulome; wastewater; hospital; community; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; TREATMENT PLANTS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; READ ALIGNMENT; PREVALENCE; DIVERSITY; EFFLUENTS; SEWAGE;
D O I
10.3390/ijms26052051
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Metagenomic studies have made it possible to deepen the analysis of the abundance of bacterial populations that carry resistance and virulence determinants in the wastewater environment. In this study, a longitudinal collection of samples of community and hospital wastewater from August 2021 to September 2022 was obtained. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to characterize the bacterial abundance, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), plasmids, and virulence factor genes (VFGs) contained in the wastewater. The microbial composition of the community and hospital wastewater showed that the most abundant bacterial phyla detected in all samples were: Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Campylobacterota, and Actinobacteria. Seasonal differences in the relative abundances of species, ARGs, plasmids, and VFGs were observed. In this study, a total of 270 ARGs were detected, and it was found that the absolute abundance of ARGs only showed a 39% reduction in the treated wastewater. Furthermore, the ARGs detected in this study were found to encode resistance to antibiotics of the last choice. Our results showed that plasmids carrying resistance genes were more abundant in raw wastewater, and 60% more abundant in hospital wastewater compared to community wastewater. Several of the VFGs detected in this study encode for adhesion, motility, and biofilm formation, which likely allows bacteria to remain and persist in the wastewater environment and survive WWTP treatment systems, thus managing to escape into the environment via treated wastewater.
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页数:20
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