Moiré effect in combined planar and curved objects off-axis

We investigated the moir & eacute; effect in combined objects with dissimilar curvatures (such as a flat surface combined with a cylinder) off the axis when the center of the cylinder is not on the camera axis. The theory is based on projections. The formula for the period of the moir & eacute; patterns in combined objects was obtained in a form similar to the on-axis case. An overall picture of the period was constructed. Specific specimens of the period behavior are described, including two primaries, five derived, and their progressions (transformations). Experiments confirm the theory. The region in the parameter space most suitable for measurements was found. The results can be used in minimization, nanoparticles, and measurements.