Integration of a V2G charging station in a smart Prosumer household via a cloud-based energy management system considering ToU tariffs

Bidirectional electric vehicle charging stations (EVSE) offer new business models for private users and companies such as Demand Response. Even if first standards for smart charging (ISO 15118, OCPP) are established, no commercial turnkey solution for the integration of a vehicle to grid (V2G) charging station into a smart prosumer household exists yet. This study shows a possible concept for the integration of a V2G charger for a vehicle to home (V2H) use case. A smart controller for a prosumer household is developed allowing the interconnection of different types of electrical equipment like a V2G charger, a photovoltaic system for electricity generation, a heat pump for heating. Therefore, different interfaces such as Modbus TCP, Modbus RTU, OCPP, HTTP are used. An algorithm is developed to charge the vehicle at low electricity prices or at times of overproduction of the PV system respective to discharge the car at high electricity prices or times of no PV production. The modular concept allows realizing the solution as a cloud-based service which can be applied to energy communities.