Preparation and structure-function relationships of homogalacturonan-rich and rhamnogalacturonan-I rich pectin: A review

Pectin has multiple functions and is widely used in the food industry. It is an acidic heteropolysaccharide found in most plants, mainly consisting of two regions: homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). HG and RG-I rich pectin have unique structures and functional properties, which can be obtained through specific preparation methods. Some emerging physics assisted preparation strategies are more advantageous for preparing specific structures with higher purity and efficiency than traditional preparation methods. HG and RG-I rich pectin have unique processing and functional properties, but sometimes a proper ratio of HG and RG-I pectin may have better effects than individuals. Therefore, it is speculated that there may be some synergistic effects between the two pectin structures. A comprehensive understanding of the preparation, structure, and functional relationship of HG and RG-I rich pectin is crucial for the efficient preparation of pectin with targeted functions.