A Spatial Structure of Key Tree Species Metrodorea nigra St. Hill. (Rutaceae) Is Associated with Historical Disturbance and Isolation in Southeastern Brazil

被引：0

作者：

de Moraes Filho, Romulo Maciel ^{[1
,2
]}

Bonifacio-Anacleto, Fernando ^{[1
,2
]}

Alzate-Martinez, Fabio Alberto ^{[3
]}

Martinez, Carlos Alberto ^{[4
]}

Alzate-Marin, Ana Lilia ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto FMRP USP RP, Dept Genet, Plant Genet Lab, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto FMRP USP RP, Dept Genet, Grad Program, Ave Bandeirantes 3900, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

[3] Nawi Spatial Design & Res, BR-14040160 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Sch Philosophy Sci & Literature FFC, Dept Biol, Ave Bandeirantes 3900, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

来源：

PLANTS-BASEL | 2025年 / 14卷 / 05期

基金：

巴西圣保罗研究基金会;

关键词：

Metrodorea nigra; inbreeding; spatial genetic structure (SGS); anthropogenic disturbances; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS; ATLANTIC FOREST; SEED DISPERSAL; FRAGMENTATION; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; LANDSCAPE; INSIGHTS; ANATOMY;

D O I：

10.3390/plants14050702

中图分类号：

Q94 [植物学];

学科分类号：

071001 ;

摘要：

The semi-deciduous Brazilian Atlantic Forest has faced intense fragmentation, impacting Metrodorea nigra St. Hill., a fly-pollinated and autochorous tree. We investigated population structure, inbreeding, and spatial genetic structure (SGS) across adult (Adu) and juvenile (Juv) generations in three fragmented populations of M. nigra in Ribeir & atilde;o Preto, S & atilde;o Paulo, Brazil. We tested whether the magnitude of these effects could result from its mating system, seed dispersal, anthropogenic disturbances, matrix, and fragment size. Populations affected by selective logging, fire, and trail openings include M13-Rib (84 ha) and FAC-Crav (8 ha), both surrounded by sugar cane and BSQ-Rib (3 ha) in an urban matrix. We evaluated phenological events and germination rates in the BSQ-Rib fragment. We sampled leaves and amplified their DNA using ISSR (UBC 1, 2, 820, 834, 851, 858, 860, 886) and SSR (Mtn 1, 3, 13, 16, 19, 87, 95) molecular markers. Fst, PCoA, and AMOVA values suggest a lack of generational isolation, with most variance within generations. Inbreeding values were significant in all populations (Fis and Fit, p = 0.001), probably intensified by natural seed dispersal and pollinator behavior favoring geitonogamy. However, fragmentation, anthropogenic disturbances, and the surrounding matrix influenced SGS. The urban BSQ-Rib fragment recorded the highest SGS values (26 m Juv, 24 m Adu [ISSR]; 7 m Juv, 9 m Adu [SSR]), which may result in low fruit and seed production and germination rates. Despite being the largest fragment, M13-Rib shows SGS in the first distance class (19 m Juv, 24 m Adu [ISSR]; 0 m Juv, and 10 m Adu [SSR]), possibly due to selective logging and fire. FAC-Crav, a more conserved fragment, showed no SGS in adults but punctual SGS in juveniles (27 m [ISSR] and 8 m [SSR]), pointing to it as a promising source for seed collections for reforestation purposes. In summary, inbreeding in M. nigra, influenced by pollinator behavior and seed dispersal, along with fragmentation, anthropogenic disturbances, and the surrounding matrix, are critical in shaping SGS. These factors potentially impact the reproductive success of M. nigra and their long-term survival in the face of climate change.

引用

页数：18