Optimizing outcomes: Management of bronchiectasis and air bullae in a 28-year-old female with kartagener syndrome

Introduction and significance: Kartagener syndrome is a primary ciliary dyskinesia disorder characterized by the classic triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus. The clinical presentation and age of diagnosis of this syndrome are variable, and patients require meticulous care, including antibiotics and respiratory therapy, to prevent deterioration of pulmonary function. Case presentation: We present the case of a female patient with a history of recurrent respiratory infections since birth, treated with antibiotics and complicated by middle ear disease. Investigations revealed a rare presentation of air bullae associated with bronchiectasis. The patient was referred to our care and diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome, subsequently undergoing urgent surgical intervention, which contributed significantly to her overall improvement and the resolution of her thoracic condition. Clinical discussion: In clinical practice, it is crucial to emphasize daily chest physiotherapy, appropriate antibiotic therapy, supportive pulmonary care, and prompt and careful therapeutic intervention to achieve optimal health outcomes. Conclusion: While complications of Kartagener syndrome are relatively uncommon, particularly emphysema with bronchiectasis leading to significant pulmonary lobe damage, they can occur.