Bio-Based Poly(γ-Glutamic Acid) Hydrogels for the Controlled Release of Neomycin Sulfate

The use of biopolymer-based hydrogels represents a promising alternative for achieving controlled drug release. In this study, poly(gamma-glutamic acid) hydrogels loaded with neomycin sulfate were obtained. Characterization of drug-loaded hydrogels was conducted using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), confirming the presence of the drug within the polymer matrix and elucidating interactions between neomycin sulfate and polymer chains. The controlled release of neomycin sulfate was evaluated under various pH and temperature conditions. Data fitting the Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicated an "anomalous" diffusion process. Cytotoxicity tests on the L929 cell line revealed biocompatibility at concentrations of 3.125, 6.250, 12.5, and 25 mg/mL. Therefore, this work indicates that poly(gamma-glutamic acid)-based hydrogels are biocompatible and highly effective for controlled drug release.