Effects of urinary organophosphate flame retardants in susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in school-age children

被引：1

作者：

Wang, Liang-Jen ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Chao, How-Ran ^{[4
,5
]}

Chen, Chih-Cheng ^{[6
,7
]}

Chen, Ching-Me ^{[2
,8
]}

You, Huey-Ling ^{[2
,8
,9
]}

Tsai, Ching-Chang ^{[2
,3
,10
]}

Tsai, Ching-Shu ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Chou, Wen-Jiun ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Li, Chia-Jung ^{[1
,2
]}

Tsai, Kai Fan ^{[2
,11
]}

Cheng, Fu-Jen ^{[2
,12
]}

Kung, Chia-Te ^{[2
,12
]}

Li, Shau-Hsuan ^{[2
,13
]}

Wang, Chin-Chou ^{[2
,14
]}

Ou, Yu-Che ^{[2
]}

Lee, Wen-Chin ^{[2
,11
]}

Huang, Wan-Ting ^{[2
,8
,9
]}

机构：

[1] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[2] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[3] Chang Gung Univ, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Inst Translat Res Biomed, Coll Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[4] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Engn, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pingtung 912, Taiwan

[5] Kaohsiung Med Univ, Coll Dent Med, Sch Dent, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

[6] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, Sect Neonatol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[7] Cheng Shiu Univ, Dept Early Childhood Care & Educ, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan

[8] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[9] Fooyin Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci & Biotechnol, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan

[10] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[11] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[12] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[13] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

[14] Kaohsiung Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Occupat Med, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

来源：

ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY | 2024年 / 287卷

关键词：

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs); Urine; ADHD; Neurotoxicity; Phthalates; Parabens; School-age children; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PLASTICIZERS; ESTERS; METABOLISM; PREGNANCY; SYMPTOMS; PARENT;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117281

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Our previous studies have revealed a correlation between urinary phthalates (PAE) metabolites and parabens and PM2.5 exposure and susceptibility to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-age children. Our goal was to examine the relationships between urinary organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and their metabolites and the susceptibility to ADHD in the same cohort of children. We recruited 186 school children, including 132 with ADHD and 54 normal controls, living in southern Taiwan to investigate five OPFRs (1,3dichloro-2-propyl phosphate (TDCPP), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP)) and five OPFR metabolites (bis(1,3dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), di-n-butyl phosphate (DNBP), bis(2-chloroethyl) hydrogen phosphate (BCEP), di-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (DBEP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP)) in urine. ADHD patients' behavioral symptoms and neuropsychological function were assessed using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Conners' Continuous Performance Test 3rd Edition (Conners CPT3), respectively. BCEP was predominant among urinary OPFRs and the metabolites in both the ADHD and control groups. ADHD children had significantly higher levels of urinary BDCPP, BCEP, DBEP, DPHP, TCEP, TBEP, TNBP, TPHP, and Sigma 10OPFR compared to the controls. After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, PM2.5 exposure scenarios, and urinary phthalate metabolites, parabens, bisphenol-A and creatinine, levels of urinary BDCPP, TDCPP, and TBEP in ADHD children showed significant and dose-dependent effects on core behavioral symptoms of inattention. DNBP levels were positively correlated with neuropsychological deficits (CPT detectability, omission, and commission), while urinary DPHP in ADHD children were negatively related to CPT detectability and commission. Hyperactivity and impulsivity were not correlated with urinary OPFRs and their metabolites in ADHD children. In conclusion, the ADHD symptom of inattention and CPT performance may be closely associated with certain urinary OPFRs and their metabolites, independent of urinary PAE metabolites, parabens, and bisphenol-A in school-age-ADHD children.

引用

页数：11

共 67 条

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