Multicultural counseling competence for addressing the mental health needs of international students in Korea: a concept mapping study

This study addresses the pressing need to improve mental health services for the increasing population of international students by enhancing our understanding of multicultural counseling competence. Utilizing the concept mapping methodology, this research identifies effective counselor behaviors necessary for providing optimal counseling services to international students at university counseling centers in Korea. Through interviews with 20 counselors, 78 competence behavioral indicators were identified and organized into six competence clusters across two dimensions: the source of counselor capacity and the direction of counselor efforts. The six identified categories are: (1) Sustaining awareness, attitude, and abilities for international student counseling, (2) Acquiring knowledge to understand international students, (3) Utilizing culturally responsive counseling strategies, (4) Employing procedural strategies to create an open and supportive environment, (5) Engaging in extended roles, and (6) Practicing self-care and professional development. Each competence indicator was evaluated based on its importance and degree of implementation. The findings offer valuable insights that can enhance counseling outcomes for international students by equipping counselors with the necessary competencies to effectively serve this unique population.