Design of a business model for competitive end-of-life performance of photovoltaic systems in Brazil

The solar energy market has experienced record growth worldwide in recent years, leading to a significant increase in the production and installation of photovoltaic systems. As these systems reach the end of their useful life, managing photovoltaic waste becomes a critical challenge and an opportunity for innovation. This study aims to develop a business model that creates, delivers, and captures value from end-of-life photovoltaic systems, contributing to the sustainability and competitiveness of this sector in Brazil. The research identifies critical success factors influencing the competitiveness of end-of-life photovoltaic management through a systematic literature review. Furthermore, it maps relationships between stakeholders in the value chain by reviewing grey literature. Additionally, a statistical content analysis captures perspectives on challenges and opportunities of photovoltaic end-of-life through a data collection instrument. Based on these findings, a business model was designed using the business model canvas, incorporating a minimum viable product to test its viability. The results highlight economic, technical, regulatory, and socio-environmental factors driving a sustainable end-oflife photovoltaic market. The proposed model facilitates the integration of reverse logistics, recycling, and reuse strategies, offering a structured path towards a circular economy in the Brazilian photovoltaic sector.