Energy Consumption Simulation and Economic Benefit Analysis for a Light Duty Urban Commercial Electric Vehicle

Electrification of the conventional propulsion system revolution has been taking place in the automotive industry to seek a cleaner and safer transportation network across cities. The electrified powertrain has significantly reduced fossil fuel dependence and improved fuel economy. Moreover, optimal energy consumption as a trade-off between the conflicting demand to prolong driving mileage and the need for the vehicle to operate within the limit of the battery capacity is quite critical. This paper simulates the energy consumption per 1 kilometer and 100 kilometers of the distance covered by a VW Crafter with a 2.0 CR DTI Diesel Engine Vehicle. The traditional Combustion Engine (CI) system as a front-wheeldrive was replaced by a comparative study between a complex and simplified electrified drivetrain-based a 4-pole, Yconnected Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor (PMBLDCM) propulsion system. The energy consumed using the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC) test procedure was 0.15 kWh/km and 10.53 kWh/100km, respectively. Furthermore, this research proposes a Proportional Integral (PI) baseline control algorithm to regulate Motor and vehicle speeds. In this manner, the execution of the PI controller was confirmed by implementing a PID Control scheme. However, the performance of the traditional controls is not realistic and, therefore, not reliable due to the nonlinear nature of the system. Accordingly, performance integral criteria such as "Integral Square Error (ISE)," "Integral Absolute Error (IAE)" etc., were used to ascertain the optimal gains of the proposed control techniques.